LMJU Harvard referencing generator

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LMJU Harvard referencing generator citation generator

Referencing using the Liverpool John Moores Universit (LJMU) Harvard style

The Harvard style is a parenthetical (author-date) referencing style, which means that citations are placed within brackets and embedded in the text, either within or after a sentence, followed by a full, alphabetised list of references.

All institutions interpret the Harvard style in their own way, and so does Liverpool John Moores University, which which leads to minor differences in how references are formatted between institutions. LJMU has put together their own formatting guides which you can use to create your references.

Or you can use BibGuru to create the fastest and most accurate LJMU Harvard references possible.

If you want to know more about Harvard citations check out our Harvard citation guides to get detailed information on the various publication types (magazines, online books, the internet, social media, legal sources, movies, etc.).

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Why, when, and what do I have to cite?

Why
The broad scientific knowledge we have today is the accomplishment of many researchers over time. To put your own contribution in context, it is important to cite the work of the researchers who influenced you.

Cited sources can provide key background information, support or dispute your thesis, or offer important definitions and data. Citing also shows that you have personally read the work.


When
In addition to crediting the ideas of others that you used to build your own argument, you need to provide documentation for all facts and figures that are not common knowledge.

Common knowledge is knowledge that is known by everyone, or nearly everyone, and can basically concern any subject. An example for common knowledge would be "There are seven days in a week".


What
The number of sources you cite in your work depends on the intent of the paper. In most cases, you will need to cite one or two of the most representative sources for each key point.

However, if you are working on a review article, the aim is to present to the readers everything that has been written on a topic, so you will need to include a more exhaustive list of citations.

Examples for the LJMU Harvard referencing style

When you refer to someone's work in your essay, you need to include an in-text citation. This is usually the author's surname and year of publication.

According to Gottfried (1983, p.89) “the Black Death….”

The reference list is outlining all the sources directly cited in your work alphabetically:

Gottfried, R.S. (1983) The Black Death: natural and human disaster in Medieval Europe. London: Macmilla

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Referencing guides

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