How to cite the R package nlme

nlme is a popular R package that is available at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/nlme/index.html. By citing R packages in your paper you lay the grounds for others to be able to reproduce your analysis and secondly you are acknowledging the time and work people have spent creating the package.

APA citation

Formatted according to the APA Publication Manual 7th edition. Simply copy it to the References page as is.

APA

The minimal requirement is to cite the R package in text along with the version number. Additionally, you can include the reference list entry the authors of the nlme package have suggested.

Example of an in-text citation

Analysis of the data was done using the nlme package (v3.1-152; Pinheiro et al., 2021).

Reference list entry

Pinheiro, J., Bates, D., DebRoy, S., Sarkar, D., & R Core Team. (2021). nlme: Linear and Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=nlme

Vancouver citation

Formatted according to Vancouver style. Simply copy it to the references section as is.

Vancouver

Example of an in-text citation

Analysis of the data was done using the nlme package v3.1-152 (1).

Reference list entry

1.
Pinheiro J, Bates D, DebRoy S, Sarkar D, R Core Team. nlme: Linear and Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models [Internet]. 2021. Available from: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=nlme

BibTeX

Reference entry in BibTeX format. Simply copy it to your favorite citation manager.

BibTeX
@MISC{Pinheiro2021-ui,
  title  = "{nlme}: Linear and Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models",
  author = "Pinheiro, Jose and Bates, Douglas and DebRoy, Saikat and Sarkar,
            Deepayan and {R Core Team}",
  year   =  2021,
  url    = "https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=nlme"
}

RIS

Reference entry in RIS format. Simply copy it to your favorite citation manager.

RIS
TY  - MISC
AU  - Pinheiro, Jose
AU  - Bates, Douglas
AU  - DebRoy, Saikat
AU  - Sarkar, Deepayan
AU  - R Core Team
TI  - nlme: Linear and Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models
PY  - 2021
DA  - 2021
UR  - https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=nlme
ER  - 

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nlme R package release history

VersionRelease date
3.1-1512020-12-10
3.1-1502020-10-24
3.1-1492020-08-23
3.1-1482020-05-24
3.1-1472020-04-13
3.1-1452020-03-04
3.1-1442020-02-09
3.1-1432019-12-10
3.1-1422019-11-11
3.1-1412019-08-01
3.1-1402019-05-12
3.1-1392019-04-09
3.1-1382019-04-07
3.1-1372018-04-07
3.1-1362018-03-09
3.1-135.52018-02-21
3.1-131.12018-02-16
3.1-1352017-12-31
3.1-1342017-12-01
3.1-1312017-02-06
3.1-1302017-01-24
3.1-1282017-01-22
3.1-1292017-01-19
3.1-1272016-04-16
3.1-1262016-03-14
3.1-1252016-02-27
3.1-1242016-01-20
3.1-1232016-01-17
3.1-1222015-08-19
3.1-1212015-06-29
3.1-1202015-02-20
3.1-1192015-01-10
3.1-1182014-10-07
3.1-1172014-03-31
3.1-1162014-03-28
3.1-1152014-03-09
3.1-1142014-03-08
3.1-1132013-11-17
3.1-1122013-10-03
3.1-1112013-09-08
3.1-1102013-07-07
3.1-1092013-04-03
3.1-1082013-01-27
3.1-1072013-01-12
3.1-1062012-12-06
3.1-1052012-10-11
3.1-1042012-05-23
3.1-1032012-02-15
3.1-1022011-07-23
3.1-1012011-05-06
3.1-1002011-04-13
3.1-992011-02-25
3.1-982011-02-10
3.1-972010-10-02
3.1-962009-10-15
3.1-952009-10-05
3.1-942009-09-04
3.1-932009-08-16
3.1-922009-05-24
3.1-912009-05-04
3.1-902008-12-30
3.1-892008-06-09
3.1-882008-03-30
3.1-872008-02-19
3.1-862007-10-05
3.1-852007-09-21
3.1-842007-07-28
3.1-832007-06-14
3.1-822007-06-13
3.1-812007-05-16
3.1-802007-04-24
3.1-792007-01-01
3.1-782006-12-10
3.1-772006-09-29
3.1-762006-09-18
3.1-752006-07-12
3.1-742006-06-06
3.1-732006-05-22
3.1-722006-05-13
3.1-712006-04-24
3.1-702006-01-09
3.1-68.12006-01-05
3.1-682006-01-02
3.1-692006-01-02
3.1-662005-12-09
3.1-652005-09-14
3.1-642005-08-26
3.1-632005-08-24
3.1-622005-07-26
3.1-612005-07-12
3.1-602005-06-08
3.1-582005-05-21
3.1-572005-04-04
3.1-562005-03-03
3.1-552005-03-02
3.1-532004-11-03
3.1-522004-10-04
3.1-512004-08-19
3.1-502004-08-11
3.1-482004-04-12
3.1-452003-08-30
3.1-442003-08-12
3.1-432003-06-12
3.1-422003-06-11
3.1-412003-05-18
3.1-402003-05-17
3.1-392003-04-16
3.1-382003-02-11
3.1-372003-01-31
3.1-362002-12-29
3.1-352002-12-22
3.1-342002-12-13
3.1-332002-10-31
3.1-322002-10-08
3.1-312002-09-16
3.1-302002-09-11
3.1-292002-08-16
3.1-282002-07-26
3.1-272002-04-28
3.1-242002-03-07
3.1-232002-01-28
3.1-222001-12-19
3.1-212001-12-11
3.1-192001-11-01
3.1-182001-10-08
3.1-172001-08-31
3.1-162001-06-22
3.1-132001-05-12
3.1-102001-02-25
3.1-82000-12-09
3.1-72000-07-26
3.1-62000-07-10
3.1-52000-07-05
3.1-42000-04-18
3.1-32000-02-14
3.1-21999-12-27
3.1-11999-11-23